Engineering

Our Environmental Engineers apply their expertise to numerous environmental services for our clients focused on air quality issues including securing (Title V, NSR, general) permits; tracking permit requirements including monitoring, compliance testing, recordkeeping, reporting and enforcement issues.

Over the past 50 years, K&A has assisted clients through the maze regulatory programs (BACT, LAER, BART, MACT, and RACT), and assessment of the impact of pollutant emissions on air quality. K&A works closely with regulated industries and local, state and federal regulatory agencies to efficiently secure environmental permits that provide maximum operational flexibility.

K&A serves clients from an array of industries including aggregate, asphalt, boat manufacturing, cement, citrus, medical, metal recycling, mining, paint manufacturing, pharmaceutical, phosphate fertilizer, power generation, pulp and paper, soil remediation, steel, sugar and wood industries.

Air Quality Impact Studies (Air Quality Monitoring)

Air quality impact studies use air quality models to correlate stationary source air pollutant emissions and meteorology to ambient air pollutant concentrations. Common models used by K&A include AERMOD and CALPUFF model for NSR permitting, MOBIL and CALINE for mobile source models, HGSYSTEM, DEGADIS, SLAB, AFTOX for accidental release models, IWAQM Regional Haze Assessment visibility models and the STAMINA and OPTIMA FHWAs traffic noise models.

Models incorporate emissions data, meteorological conditions, geographical features, and measured air quality data to provide the best available means of predicting air quality. These models also enable a detailed regional assessment of the impact of an existing air pollution source when only limited ambient air quality data are available. In addition, air quality models allow for the development and assessment of control strategies, as well as the impact assessment of proposed developments on air quality.

Our staff is well-versed in both state and federal modeling protocols, and the development of the data to input into these models.

Permits for Source Construction and Operation

K&A offers expert assistance in securing and renewing air-related regulatory permits for industrial facilities; tracking and performing the required compliance tests; and producing the reports required by local, state and federal agencies.

The permitting process includes the development and compilation of site information; process information; materials usage, emissions and discharge analyses; air toxics and ambient air quality impact analyses, including health risk analyses.

Our experience and strong working relationships with local, state and federal regulatory agencies have resulted in permits that maximize operational flexibility and minimize regulatory constraints.

Title V Permitting

K&A is extremely well-versed in assistance to facilities subject to the EPA Title V program of the Clean Air Act. To keep up with the stringent requirements of Title V, subject facilities must submit a comprehensive operation permit application. When relevant, air permit applications address Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT), Best Available Control Technology (BACT), Lowest Achievable Emission Rate (LAER), Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT), or BART (Best Available Retrofit Technology). If a facility is subject to New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) or National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs), Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) or New Source Review (NSR), Regional Haze Rule or Acid Rain Program, these rule requirements are addressed in the permit application. This permitting extends to EPA's initial list of 188 Hazardous Air Pollutants and over 160 other air pollutants regulated under accidental release and stratospheric ozone protection provisions. K&A can assist our clients with recommended modifications to Title V permits to reclassify a facility as a "synthetic" non-Title V source, thereby avoiding stringent Title V regulations and fees.

Additional Areas of Expertise

Odor and Meteorological Studies

Environmental Resource Permitting (ERP)

Solid Waste Permitting

Air Pollution Control System Evaluation

Development of Air Quality Control Strategies and Regulations

Storm Water and Industrial Wastewater Management

Hazardous Waste Management and Site Assessment